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BothMycobacterium tuberculosis , the cause of human tuberculosis (TB), andMycobacterium marinum , a pathogen of ectotherms, use the ESX-1 secretion system to cause disease. There are many established similarities between the ESX-1 systems inM. tuberculosis and inM. marinum . Yet the two bacteria infect different hosts, hinting at species-specific functions of the ESX-1 system. Our findings demonstrate that MMAR_2894 is a PE protein secreted by the ESX-1 system ofM. marinum . We show that MMAR_2894 is required for the optimal secretion of mycobacterial proteins required for disease. Because theMMAR_2894 gene is not conserved inM. tuberculosis , our findings demonstrate that MMAR_2894 may contribute to a species-specific function of the ESX-1 system inM. marinum , providing new insight into how theM. marinum andM. tuberculosis systems differ.

A New ESX-1 Substrate in Mycobacterium marinum That Is Required for Hemolysis but Not Host Cell Lysis