Open AccessFirst Streptococcus pyogenes Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis Screen Identifies Novel Virulence Determinants
Author(s) -
Anne E. Kizy,
Melody N. Neely
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
infection and immunity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.508
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1070-6313
pISSN - 0019-9567
DOI - 10.1128/iai.01306-08
Subject(s) - streptococcus pyogenes , biology , virulence , mutagenesis , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , signature (topology) , bacteria , mutation , gene , staphylococcus aureus , geometry , mathematics
The virulence of bacterial pathogens is a complex process that requires the dynamic expression of many genes for the pathogens to invade and circumvent host defenses, as well as to proliferate in vivo. In this study, we employed a large-scale screen, signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM), to identifyStreptococcus pyogenes virulence genes important for pathogenesis within the host. Approximately 1,200 STM mutants were created and screened using the zebrafish infectious disease model. The transposon insertion site was identified for 29 of the 150 mutants that were considered attenuated for virulence. Previously reported streptococcal virulence genes, such asmga ,hasA ,amrA ,smeZ , and two genes in thesil locus, were identified, confirming the utility of the model for revealing genes important for virulence. Multiple genes not previously implicated in virulence were also identified, including genes encoding putative transporters, hypothetical cytosolic proteins, and macrolide efflux pumps. The STM mutant strains display various levels of attenuation, and multiple separate insertions were identified in either the same gene or the same locus, suggesting that these factors are important for this type of acute, invasive infection. We further examined two such genes,silB andsilC of a putative quorum-sensing regulon, and determined that they are significant virulence factors in our model of necrotizing fasciitis.sil locus promoter expression was examined under various in vitro conditions, as well as in zebrafish tissues, and was found to be differentially induced. This study was a unique investigation ofS. pyogenes factors required for successful invasive infection.