Open AccessCefmenoxime pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers and subjects with renal insufficiency and on hemodialysis
Author(s) -
John G. Gambertoglio,
Donald Alexander,
SL Barriere
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.07
H-Index - 259
eISSN - 1070-6283
pISSN - 0066-4804
DOI - 10.1128/aac.26.6.845
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , hemodialysis , medicine , urology , nomogram , volume of distribution , renal function , urine
The pharmacokinetics of cefmenoxime were characterized in five healthy volunteers and in 15 subjects with various degrees of renal insufficiency after a single 10-mg/kg, 5-min intravenous infusion. Five of these subjects were studied both on hemodialysis and during an interdialytic period. Plasma, urine and dialysate were assayed for cefmenoxime by a specific high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay. Peak plasma concentrations of cefmenoxime were ca. 94 micrograms/ml after completion of the infusion. The mean plasma and renal clearances in the healthy volunteers were 281 +/- 66 and 228 +/- 52 ml/min, respectively. Plasma clearance declined in patients with renal insufficiency and correlated significantly with creatine clearance. The mean apparent volume of distribution at steady state in the healthy volunteers was 0.23 liters/kg and was not found to be significantly different in subjects with renal insufficiency. The mean cumulative 24-h urinary recovery of cefmenoxime in healthy volunteers was 81% of the administered dose and decreased with reduced renal function. Cefmenoxine dosage should be reduced in proportion to the decline in creatinine clearance. A simple nomogram for dose selection is provided.