Distribution and Relationships of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants among Extended-Spectrum-Cephalosporin-Resistant or Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Rivers and Sewage Treatment Plants in India | Zendy

Masato Akiba | Zendy; Tsuyoshi Sekizuka | Zendy; Akifumi Yamashita | Zendy; Makoto Kuroda | Zendy; Yuki Fujii | Zendy; Misato Murata | Zendy; Kenichi Lee | Zendy; Derrick Ian Joshua | Zendy; Keshava Balakrishna | Zendy; Indira Bairy | Zendy; Kaushik Subramanian | Zendy; Padma Krishnan | Zendy; Natesan Munuswamy | Zendy; Ravindra Kumar Sinha | Zendy; Taketoshi Iwata | Zendy; Masahiro Kusumoto | Zendy; Keerthi S. Guruge | Zendy

Open Access

Distribution and Relationships of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants among Extended-Spectrum-Cephalosporin-Resistant or Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Rivers and Sewage Treatment Plants in India

Author(s) -

Masato Akiba,

Tsuyoshi Sekizuka,

Akifumi Yamashita,

Makoto Kuroda,

Yuki Fujii,

Misato Murata,

Kenichi Lee,

Derrick Ian Joshua,

Keshava Balakrishna,

Indira Bairy,

Kaushik Subramanian,

Padma Krishnan,

Natesan Munuswamy,

Ravindra Kumar Sinha,

Taketoshi Iwata,

Masahiro Kusumoto,

Keerthi S. Guruge

Publication year - 2016

Publication title -

antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 2.07

H-Index - 259

eISSN - 1070-6283

pISSN - 0066-4804

DOI - 10.1128/aac.01950-15

Subject(s) - plasmid , replicon , biology , cephalosporin , escherichia coli , microbiology and biotechnology , antibiotic resistance , carbapenem , antimicrobial , gene , antibiotics , genetics

To determine the distribution and relationship of antimicrobial resistance determinants among extended-spectrum-cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant or carbapenem-resistantEscherichia coli isolates from the aquatic environment in India, water samples were collected from rivers or sewage treatment plants in five Indian states. A total of 446E. coli isolates were randomly obtained. Resistance to ESC and/or carbapenem was observed in 169 (37.9%)E. coli isolates, which were further analyzed. These isolates showed resistance to numerous antimicrobials; more than half of the isolates exhibited resistance to eight or more antimicrobials. Thebla NDM gene was detected in 14/21 carbapenem-resistantE. coli isolates:bla NDM-1 in 2 isolates,bla NDM-5 in 7 isolates, andbla NDM-7 in 5 isolates. Thebla CTX-M gene was detected in 112 isolates (66.3%):bla CTX-M-15 in 108 isolates andbla CTX-M-55 in 4 isolates. We extracted 49 plasmids from selected isolates, and their whole-genome sequences were determined. Fifty resistance genes were detected, and 11 different combinations of replicon types were observed among the 49 plasmids. The network analysis results suggested that the plasmids sharing replicon types tended to form a community, which is based on the predicted gene similarity among the plasmids. Four communities each containing from 4 to 17 plasmids were observed. Three of the four communities contained plasmids detected in different Indian states, suggesting that the interstate dissemination of ancestor plasmids has already occurred. Comparison of the DNA sequences of thebla NDM -positive plasmids detected in this study with known sequences of related plasmids suggested that various mutation events facilitated the evolution of the plasmids and that plasmids with similar genetic backgrounds have widely disseminated in India.

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