Open AccessInhibitory Effects of 1,2,3,4,6-Penta- O -Galloyl-β- d -Glucopyranose on Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus aureus
Author(s) -
Mei-Hui Lin,
Fang Rong Chang,
Mu Yi Hua,
Yang Wu,
Shih Tung Liu
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.07
H-Index - 259
eISSN - 1070-6283
pISSN - 0066-4804
DOI - 10.1128/aac.00843-10
Subject(s) - biofilm , staphylococcus aureus , chemistry , maleimide , iodoacetamide , microbiology and biotechnology , bacterial adhesin , bacteria , polystyrene , biochemistry , cysteine , escherichia coli , enzyme , biology , polymer , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , genetics , gene
1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O -galloyl-β-d -glucopyranose (PGG) is an active ingredient in plants that are commonly used in Chinese medicine to treat inflammation. We demonstrate here that PGG, at 6.25 μM, does not inhibit the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus , and yet it prevents biofilm formation on polystyrene and polycarbonate surfaces. At the same concentration, PGG is not toxic to human epithelial and fibroblast cells. PGG has an IB50 value, i.e., the PGG concentration that inhibits 50% biofilm formation, of 3.6 μM. The value is substantially lower than that ofN -acetylcysteine, iodoacetamide, andN -phenyl maleimide, which are known to inhibit biofilm formation byS. aureus . Biochemical and scanning electron microscopy results also reveal that PGG inhibits initial attachment of the bacteria to solid surface and the synthesis of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin, explaining how PGG inhibits biofilm formation. The results of this study demonstrate that coating PGG on polystyrene and silicon rubber surfaces with polyaniline prevents biofilm formation, indicating that PGG is highly promising for clinical use in preventing biofilm formation byS. aureus .