Ancient Impact and Aqueous Processes at Endeavour Crater, Mars
Author(s) -
S. W. Squyres,
R. E. Arvidson,
J. F. Bell,
F. J. Calef,
B. C. Clark,
B. A. Cohen,
Larry Crumpler,
Paulo de Souza,
W. H. Farrand,
R. Gellert,
J. A. Grant,
K. E. Herkenhoff,
J. A. Hurowitz,
J. R. Johnson,
B. L. Jolliff,
Andrew H. Knoll,
R. Li,
S. M. McLennan,
D. W. Ming,
David W. Mittlefehldt,
T. J. Parker,
G. Paulsen,
M. S. Rice,
S. W. Ruff,
Christian Schröder,
A. S. Yen,
K. Zacny
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 12.556
H-Index - 1186
eISSN - 1095-9203
pISSN - 0036-8075
DOI - 10.1126/science.1220476
Subject(s) - mars exploration program , impact crater , astrobiology , geology , earth science , exploration of mars , environmental science , biology
The rover Opportunity has investigated the rim of Endeavour Crater, a large ancient impact crater on Mars. Basaltic breccias produced by the impact form the rim deposits, with stratigraphy similar to that observed at similar-sized craters on Earth. Highly localized zinc enrichments in some breccia materials suggest hydrothermal alteration of rim deposits. Gypsum-rich veins cut sedimentary rocks adjacent to the crater rim. The gypsum was precipitated from low-temperature aqueous fluids flowing upward from the ancient materials of the rim, leading temporarily to potentially habitable conditions and providing some of the waters involved in formation of the ubiquitous sulfate-rich sandstones of the Meridiani region.
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