Open AccessActive role of elongation factor G in maintaining the mRNA reading frame during translation
Author(s) -
BeeZen Peng,
Lars V. Bock,
Riccardo Belardinelli,
Frank Peske,
Helmut Grubmüller,
Marina V. Rodnina
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
science advances
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.928
H-Index - 146
ISSN - 2375-2548
DOI - 10.1126/sciadv.aax8030
Subject(s) - translation (biology) , messenger rna , open reading frame , elongation , elongation factor , ribosome , protein biosynthesis , reading (process) , frame (networking) , eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , computer science , genetics , rna , materials science , gene , linguistics , telecommunications , peptide sequence , philosophy , ultimate tensile strength , metallurgy
During translation, the ribosome moves along the mRNA one codon at a time with the help of elongation factor G (EF-G). Spontaneous changes in the translational reading frame are extremely rare, yet how the precise triplet-wise step is maintained is not clear. Here, we show that the ribosome is prone to spontaneous frameshifting on mRNA slippery sequences, whereas EF-G restricts frameshifting. EF-G helps to maintain the mRNA reading frame by guiding the A-site transfer RNA during translocation due to specific interactions with the tip of EF-G domain 4. Furthermore, EF-G accelerates ribosome rearrangements that restore the ribosome's control over the codon-anticodon interaction at the end of the movement. Our data explain how the mRNA reading frame is maintained during translation.
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