Computationally efficient algorithm for sound speed imaging in pulse-echo ultrasound

Precise information about the spatial distribution of sound speed in tissue has diagnostic value in itself, and also enables effective aberration correction in standard ultrasonic imaging. An algorithm called Computed Ultrasound Tomography in Echo mode (CUTE) makes it possible to reconstruct quantitative sound speed images. However, the computational cost is high, which is an obstacle to CUTE implementation in real-time imaging systems. This paper presents an improved version of the CUTE algorithm called Quick-CUTE (Q-CUTE). The CUTE algorithm uses the inverse transformation matrix to reconstruct the sound speed spatial distribution. The Q-CUTE algorithm is based on simplified model with unified integration paths which enables solving the inverse problem without use of a large transformation matrix. The Q-CUTE algorithm was verified through numerical simulations. The obtained results differ from those of the CUTE algorithm but maintain the quantitative character of sound speed imaging. The computational complexity of the Q-CUTE algorithm is proportional to N while in case of the CUTE it is proportional to N squared (where N is a number of pixels in the sound speed image). This means that the Q-CUTE algorithm allows the quantitative sound speed imaging to operate in real time.Precise information about the spatial distribution of sound speed in tissue has diagnostic value in itself, and also enables effective aberration correction in standard ultrasonic imaging. An algorithm called Computed Ultrasound Tomography in Echo mode (CUTE) makes it possible to reconstruct quantitative sound speed images. However, the computational cost is high, which is an obstacle to CUTE implementation in real-time imaging systems. This paper presents an improved version of the CUTE algorithm called Quick-CUTE (Q-CUTE). The CUTE algorithm uses the inverse transformation matrix to reconstruct the sound speed spatial distribution. The Q-CUTE algorithm is based on simplified model with unified integration paths which enables solving the inverse problem without use of a large transformation matrix. The Q-CUTE algorithm was verified through numerical simulations. The obtained results differ from those of the CUTE algorithm but maintain the quantitative character of sound speed imaging. The computational c...