Parametric sonar as applied to high resolution boundary scattering measurement

: The use of the parametric acoustic source with its narrow beam and lack of side lobes permits measurement of sea surface and bottom forward and back scatter to very low grazing angles. Measurements using conventional sources are often contaminated by side lobe or other unwanted returns that result when unavoidably large boundary areas are illuminated. This paper (presented at the 104th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America) describes the design and performance of one parametric source that has been employed for such measurements.