Magnetic pendulum apparatus for analog demonstration of first-order and second-order phase transitions and tricritical points | Zendy

V. Hugo Schmidt | Zendy; Bryan R. Childers | Zendy

Open Access

Magnetic pendulum apparatus for analog demonstration of first-order and second-order phase transitions and tricritical points

Author(s) -

V. Hugo Schmidt,

Bryan R. Childers

Publication year - 1984

Publication title -

american journal of physics

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.541

H-Index - 99

eISSN - 1943-2909

pISSN - 0002-9505

DOI - 10.1119/1.13847

Subject(s) - physics , electromagnet , deflection (physics) , phase transition , condensed matter physics , tricritical point , first order , classical mechanics , phase (matter) , mechanics , magnet , quantum mechanics , phase diagram , mathematics

A simple apparatus is described in which the deflection of a pendulum with an electromagnet mounted at its tip is the analog of the magnitude of the order parameter in a phase transition. Its deflection is governed by the current through this electromagnet and currents through fixed electromagnets just below it. By suitable variation of these currents, the pendulum can be made to undergo gradual (second‐order transition analog) or sudden (first‐order transition analog) displacements from the vertical, as well as the intermediate situation corresponding to a tricritical point. Results for critical and tricritical exponents obtained with this apparatus are presented.

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