Comparison of basis-vector selection methods for target and background subspaces as applied to subpixel target detection

This paper focuses on comparing three basis-vector selection techniques as applied to target detection in hyper- spectral imagery. The basis-vector selection methods tested were the singular value decomposition (SVD), pixel purity index (PPI), and a newly developed approach called the maximum distance (MaxD) method. Target spaces were created using an illumination invariant technique, while the background space was generated from AVIRIS hyperspectral imagery. All three selection techniques were applied (in various combinations) to target as well as background spaces so as to generate dimensionally-reduced subspaces. Both target and background subspaces were described by linear subspace models (i.e., structured models). Generated basis vectors were then implemented in a generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) detector. False alarm rates (FAR) were tabulated along with a new summary,metric called the average false alarm rate (AFAR). Some additional summary,metrics are also introduced. Impact of the number,of basis vectors in the target and background subspaces on detector per- formance was also investigated. For the given AVIRIS data set, the MaxD method as applied to the background subspace outperformed the other two methods tested (SVD and PPI). Keywords: Hyperspectral, Subpixel Target Detection, Endmember, Basis Vector, Subspace, AVIRIS