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This article reviews that testing the oil of diesel locomotives gives operators valuable information about engine operating conditions. Oil analysis is a tool for evaluating diesel engines for telltale signs of bearing and ring wear, heat degradation, and dirt contamination. However, the process of obtaining an oil sample is both costly and time-consuming. Typically, locomotives are taken into a service center, where an oil sample is drawn manually from the engine, put into a vial, and sent off to a laboratory for evaluation. OilPro will have predictive capability, offering rail roads the opportunity to improve maintenance scheduling. The service will provide diagnostic oil analysis that is currently supplied by offsite laboratories. OilPro can be expanded beyond oil sensing to monitor the overall health of the engine. Possibilities include looking at the electrical system and exhaust stack gases, and potentially vibration monitoring.