Open AccessEFFECT OF VOLTAGE ON TIO2 NANOTUBES FORMATION IN ETHYLENE GLYCOL SOLUTION
Author(s) -
Ismail Saad,
Khairil Azwa Khairul,
Nurul Asyikin Ahmad Nor Hisham,
Shuhazlly Mamat,
Mohd Asyadi Azam
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
jurnal teknologi/jurnal teknologi
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2180-3722
pISSN - 0127-9696
DOI - 10.11113/jt.v79.11294
Subject(s) - anodizing , materials science , anatase , ammonium fluoride , ethylene glycol , chemical engineering , raman spectroscopy , amorphous solid , nanotube , crystallinity , electrolyte , phase (matter) , ionic bonding , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , carbon nanotube , chemistry , composite material , photocatalysis , electrode , catalysis , optics , aluminium , physics , engineering , ion
The crystalline phase of the TiO2 nanotubes without further heat treatment were studied. The TiO2 nanotube arrays were produced by anodization of Ti foil at three different voltage; 10, 40, and 60 V in a bath with electrolytes composed of ethylene glycol (EG), ammonium fluoride (NH4F), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The H2O2 is a strong oxidizing agent which was used as oxygen provider to increase the oxidation rate for synthesizing highly ordered and smooth TiO2 nanotubes. Anodization at voltage greater than 10 V leads to the formation of tubular structure where higher anodization voltage (~ 60 V) yield to larger tube diameter (~ 180 nm). Crystallinity of the nanotubes is improved as the voltage was increased. The transformation of amorphous to anatase can be obtained for as anodized TiO2 without any heat treatment. The Raman spectra results show the anodization at 40 V and 60 V gives anatase peak in which confirms the crystalline phase. The stabilization of the crystalline phase is due to the oxygen vacancies and ionic mobilities during the anodization at high voltage.