International Business Transaction From The Islamic Economics Perspective

Transaksi perniagaan antarabangsa merupakan satu transaksi perniagaan yang agak berbeza jika dibandingkan dengan transaksi perniagaan dalam negara atau domestik. Dalam transaksi ini, umat Islam berdepan dengan transaksi perniagaan dengan orang bukan Islam yang berada di serata pelusuk dunia. Artikel ini cuba menjelaskan tentang hubungan transaksi perniagaan di antara orang Islam dengan bukan Islam, jenis golongan bukan Islam dan pandangan ‘ulama’ berkenaan hubungan transaksi di antara kedua–dua pihak. Pandangan ini disandarkan dengan dalil daripada al–Qur‘an dan al–Hadith Nabi di samping pandangan ‘ulama’ mazhab yang terkenal. Artikel ini juga cuba menghuraikan prinsip–prinsip perniagaan antarabangsa menurut ekonomi Islam. Prinsip ini didapati amat penting untuk dipraktikkan oleh para usahawan yang menceburi bidang perniagaan antarabangsa. Kata kunci: Perniagaan antarabangsa; orang Islam; orang bukan Islam; prinsip perniagaan antarabangsa Islam International business transaction deals in differently from the local or domestic business trading. In the international business transaction, Muslim ummah transacts with non–Muslims all over the world. Therefore, this article tries to explain the business relationship between Muslim and non–Muslims, the types of non–Muslims from the perspective of fiqh mu‘amalat and the views of Muslim jurists with regards of bilateral business relationship between Muslims and non–Muslims. All the views are based on evidence (Dalil) from al–Qur‘an and al–Hadith of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.), as well as views from four very famous schools of jurisprudences. This article also tries to clarify the principles of international business from the perspective of Islamic economics. These principles are imperative to be applied and practiced by Muslim entrepreneurs in dealing internationally. Key words: International business; Muslim; non–Muslim; principles of Islamic international business