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Multimodal correlative imaging and modelling of phosphorus uptake from soil by hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi
Author(s) -
Keyes Sam,
Veelen Arjen,
McKay Fletcher Dan,
Scotson Callum,
Koebernick Nico,
Petroselli Chiara,
Williams Katherine,
Ruiz Siul,
Cooper Laura,
Mayon Robbie,
Duncan Simon,
Dumont Marc,
Jakobsen Iver,
Oldroyd Giles,
Tkacz Andrzej,
Poole Philip,
Mosselmans Fred,
Borca Camelia,
Huthwelker Thomas,
Jones David L.,
Roose Tiina
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.17980
Subject(s) - hypha , symbiosis , phosphorus , botany , colonisation , biology , environmental chemistry , xanes , chemistry , colonization , ecology , bacteria , genetics , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , spectroscopy
Summary Phosphorus (P) is essential for plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) aid its uptake by acquiring P from sources distant from roots in return for carbon. Little is known about how AMF colonise soil pore‐space, and models of AMF‐enhanced P‐uptake are poorly validated. We used synchrotron X‐ray computed tomography to visualize mycorrhizas in soil and synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence/X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XRF/XANES) elemental mapping for P, sulphur (S) and aluminium (Al) in combination with modelling. We found that AMF inoculation had a suppressive effect on colonisation by other soil fungi and identified differences in structure and growth rate between hyphae of AMF and nonmycorrhizal fungi. Our results showed that AMF co‐locate with areas of high P and low Al, and preferentially associate with organic‐type P species over Al‐rich inorganic P. We discovered that AMF avoid Al‐rich areas as a source of P. Sulphur‐rich regions were found to be correlated with higher hyphal density and an increased organic‐associated P‐pool, whilst oxidized S‐species were found close to AMF hyphae. Increased S oxidation close to AMF suggested the observed changes were microbiome‐related. Our experimentally‐validated model led to an estimate of P‐uptake by AMF hyphae that is an order of magnitude lower than rates previously estimated – a result with significant implications for the modelling of plant–soil–AMF interactions.