Open AccessEvaluating the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccines against hospitalization and intensive care unit admission in adults
Author(s) -
El-Bardissy Ahmed Hossam eldin,
AlAdawi Rana Moustafa,
Shible Ahmed Atef,
AlbuMahmood Zainab,
Elgaily Dina Eltayeb,
Abdelaziz Hani
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of pharmaceutical health services research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.244
H-Index - 15
eISSN - 1759-8893
pISSN - 1759-8885
DOI - 10.1111/jphs.12321
Subject(s) - medicine , pneumonia , copd , intensive care unit , asthma , vaccination , diabetes mellitus , emergency medicine , pneumococcal vaccination , pneumococcal pneumonia , pneumococcal vaccine , retrospective cohort study , pediatrics , intensive care medicine , streptococcus pneumoniae , antibiotics , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , biology , endocrinology
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of pneumococcal vaccines concerning hospital or intensive care unit (ICU) admissions due to pneumonia after vaccination. Setting Inpatient and ICUs at Hamad General Hospital. Methods The retrospective study included adults who were vaccinated between June 2012 and June 2013. Patient records were reviewed for hospital or ICU admissions due to pneumonia 2 years before and after vaccination. Main outcomes measures The primary outcome was to compare the rates of hospital and ICU admissions for pneumonia 2 years before and after vaccination. The secondary outcome was to evaluate the efficacy of pneumococcal vaccines against different comorbidities. Key findings One hundred sixty‐one patients were included with a dominant age group of 64–85 (52%) years old. Comorbidities reported were hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The rate of hospital admission due to pneumonia was significantly reduced within 2 years after vaccination, 71–39% ( P < 0.001). There was a trend towards reduced ICU admission (12.4–10.6%), but the results did not achieve statistical significance ( P > 0.72). In diabetic, hypertensive and COPD/Asthma patients, there was a statistically significant reduction in hospitalization. Although there was a reduction in ICU admission for both commodities, the results did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusion Adults who received pneumococcal vaccines experienced reduced rates of hospital versus ICU admissions due to pneumonia infection.