Open AccessGinsenoside Rh 1 induces mouse osteoblast growth and differentiation through the bone morphogenetic protein 2/runt‐related gene 2 signalling pathway
Author(s) -
Siddiqi Muhammad Hanif,
Siddiqi Muhammad Zubair,
Ahn Sungeun,
Kim YeonJu,
Yang Deok Chun
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.745
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 2042-7158
pISSN - 0022-3573
DOI - 10.1111/jphp.12306
Subject(s) - osteoblast , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , bone morphogenetic protein , microbiology and biotechnology , ginsenoside , bone morphogenetic protein 7 , bone morphogenetic protein 8a , gene , bone morphogenetic protein 10 , chemistry , biology , genetics , medicine , pathology , in vitro , ginseng , alternative medicine
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the stimulative and pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rh 1 ( hereinafter referred to as: Rh 1) on differentiation and mineralization of osteoblast and its possible mechanism of action on the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( BMP ‐2)/Runt‐related gene 2 ( Runx 2) signalling pathways using mouse preosteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cell line as in‐vitro model. Methods An in‐vitro stimulative activity of Rh 1 was assessed by analyzing alkaline phosphatase activity ( ALP ), type‐I collagen ( Coll‐I ) synthesis, mineralization and glutathione content. Its antioxidant activity was measured by evaluating the reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) production in the presence of antimycin A ( AMA ), one of the mitochondrial dysfunction factors. The level of BMP ‐2/ Runx 2 signal‐regulated osteoblast‐specific proteins such as osteocalcin ( OCN ), Coll‐I and ALP were detected using W estern blot analysis. Key findings Rh 1 was capable to stimulate cell growth, ALP activity, Coll‐I synthesis, mineralization and glutathione content in the MC3T3‐E1 cells. BMP ‐2 and Runx 2 expression were also increased by Rh 1 concentration dependently. Additionally, Rh 1 also showed inhibitory action on the level of ROS production enhanced by AMA in MC3T3‐E1 cells. Rh 1 could increase the expression level of BMP ‐2/ Runx 2 signal‐regulated osteogenic markers such as ALP , Coll‐I and OCN . Conclusions Rh1 , a protopanaxatriol type's active ingredients of P anax ginseng M eyer, possesses osteoblast differentiation, osteogenic stimulatory and anti‐oxidative activity.