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Serum antibody response against periodontal bacteria and coronary heart disease: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Joshi Chaitanya,
Bapat Ranjeet,
Anderson William,
Dawson Dana,
Cherukara George,
Hijazi Karolin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/jcpe.13550
Subject(s) - aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , medicine , antibody , porphyromonas gingivalis , meta analysis , odds ratio , immunology , confidence interval , periodontitis , gastroenterology
Aim The present systematic review and meta‐analysis assessed the strength of a reported association between elevated serum anti‐periodontal bacterial antibody responses and coronary heart disease (CHD). Materials and methods Twenty original studies were identified after systematically searching five databases. The majority ( n = 11) compared serum anti‐ Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and/or anti‐ Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) IgG antibody responses between CHD patients and control participants. The strength of the association between serum anti‐Pg antibodies and CHD ( n = 10) and serum anti‐Aa antibodies and CHD ( n = 6) was investigated using a meta‐analysis approach separately. Results Most studies (61%) reported that the serum IgG antibody responses were elevated in CHD patients than in controls. The meta‐analyses showed a significant association between elevated serum IgG antibody responses (anti‐Pg and anti‐Aa) and CHD, with pooled odds ratios of 1.23 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–1.38, p = .001] and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.04–1.47, p = .0004), respectively. Conclusions A modest increase of CHD events in individuals with higher serum anti‐Pg and anti‐Aa IgG antibody responses may support their use as potential biomarkers to detect and monitor at‐risk populations. However, the observed inconsistencies with the design and interpretation of immunoassays warrant standardization of the immunoassays assessing antibody responses against periodontal bacteria.