Open AccessCarbohydrate and energy‐yielding metabolism in non‐conventional yeasts 1
Author(s) -
Flores CarmenLisset,
Rodríguez Cristina,
Petit Thomas,
Gancedo Carlos
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
fems microbiology reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.91
H-Index - 212
eISSN - 1574-6976
pISSN - 0168-6445
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2000.tb00553.x
Subject(s) - catabolite repression , biology , yarrowia , yeast , pentose phosphate pathway , biochemistry , saccharomyces cerevisiae , sugar , metabolic pathway , pichia , sugar phosphates , xylose , fermentation , glycolysis , metabolism , enzyme , pichia pastoris , gene , mutant , recombinant dna
Sugars are excellent carbon sources for all yeasts. Since a vast amount of information is available on the components of the pathways of sugar utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae it has been tacitly assumed that other yeasts use sugars in the same way. However, although the pathways of sugar utilization follow the same theme in all yeasts, important biochemical and genetic variations on it exist. Basically, in most non‐conventional yeasts, in contrast to S. cerevisiae , respiration in the presence of oxygen is prominent for the use of sugars. This review provides comparative information on the different steps of the fundamental pathways of sugar utilization in non‐conventional yeasts: glycolysis, fermentation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway and respiration. We consider also gluconeogenesis and, briefly, catabolite repression. We have centered our attention in the genera Kluyveromyces , Candida , Pichia , Yarrowia and Schizosaccharomyces , although occasional reference to other genera is made. The review shows that basic knowledge is missing on many components of these pathways and also that studies on regulation of critical steps are scarce. Information on these points would be important to generate genetically engineered yeast strains for certain industrial uses.