Open AccessIron acquisition in the marine actinomycete genus S alinispora is controlled by the desferrioxamine family of siderophores
Author(s) -
Roberts Alexandra A.,
Schultz Andrew W.,
Kersten Roland D.,
Dorrestein Pieter C.,
Moore Bradley S.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
fems microbiology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1574-6968
pISSN - 0378-1097
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02641.x
Subject(s) - siderophore , arenicola , biology , locus (genetics) , bacteria , microbiology and biotechnology , genome , mutant , aerobactin , gene , genetics , biochemistry , enterobacteriaceae , escherichia coli , ecology
Many bacteria produce siderophores for sequestration of growth‐essential iron. Analysis of the S alinispora genomes suggests that these marine actinomycetes support multiple hydroxamate‐ and phenolate‐type siderophore pathways. We isolated and characterized desferrioxamines ( DFO s) B and E from all three recognized S alinispora species and linked their biosyntheses in S . tropica CNB ‐440 and S . arenicola CNS ‐205 to the des locus through PCR ‐directed mutagenesis. Gene inactivation of the predicted iron‐chelator biosynthetic loci sid2‐4 did not abolish siderophore chemistry. Additionally, these pathways could not restore the native growth characteristics of the des mutants in iron‐limited media, although differential iron‐dependent regulation was observed for the yersiniabactin‐like sid2 pathway. Consequently, this study indicates that DFO s are the primary siderophores in laboratory cultures of S alinispora .