Open AccessGenetic investigation within L actococcus garvieae revealed two genomic lineages
Author(s) -
Ferrario Chiara,
Ricci Giovanni,
Borgo Francesca,
Rollando Alessandro,
Fortina Maria Grazia
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
fems microbiology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1574-6968
pISSN - 0378-1097
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02591.x
Subject(s) - biology , ribotyping , rapd , genetic diversity , genetics , population , genome , lactococcus , gene , microbiology and biotechnology , polymerase chain reaction , bacteria , lactococcus lactis , lactic acid , demography , sociology
The diversity of a collection of 49 L actococcus garvieae strains, including isolates of dairy, fish, meat, vegetable and cereal origin, was explored using a molecular polyphasic approach comprising PCR ‐ribotyping, REP and RAPD ‐ PCR analyses and a multilocus restriction typing ( MLRT ) carried out on six partial genes ( atpA , tuf , dltA , als , gapC , and galP ). This approach allowed high‐resolution cluster analysis in which two major groups were distinguishable: one group included dairy isolates, the other group meat isolates. Unexpectedly, of the 12 strains coming from fish, four grouped with dairy isolates, whereas the others with meat isolates. Likewise, strains isolated from vegetables allocated between the two main groups. These findings revealed high variability within the species at both gene and genome levels. The observed genetic heterogeneity among L . garvieae strains was not entirely coherent with the ecological niche of origin of the strains, but rather supports the idea of an early separation of L . garvieae population into two independent genomic lineages.