Open AccessJust scratching the surface: an expanding view of the C px envelope stress response
Author(s) -
Vogt Stefanie L.,
Raivio Tracy L.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
fems microbiology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1574-6968
pISSN - 0378-1097
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02406.x
Subject(s) - periplasmic space , cell envelope , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , regulon , envelope (radar) , folding (dsp implementation) , computational biology , genetics , gene , regulation of gene expression , computer science , engineering , telecommunications , radar , escherichia coli , electrical engineering
To detect and effectively respond to damage to the cell envelope, G ram‐negative bacteria possess multiple envelope stress responses. Among these, the C px AR two‐component system has been shown to sense the presence of misfolded periplasmic proteins and increase the production of envelope‐localized protein folding and degrading factors in response. However, recent studies have revealed that additional parameters, such as adhesion and central metabolism, can also be sensed by the C px signalling system. The discovery that the C px regulon contains dozens to hundreds of genes indicates that the cellular functions of the C px response are also likely much broader than previously realized. These newly recognized functions include other aspects of envelope maintenance, communication with other regulatory pathways, and pathogenesis. A new model is emerging in which the C px response integrates diverse signals and promotes cell survival by protecting the envelope in multiple ways.