Open AccessVibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin can induce an apoptotic cell death in Rat‐1 cells from inside and ouside of the cells
Author(s) -
Naim Rochman,
Yanagihara Itaru,
Iida Tetsuya,
Honda Takeshi
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
fems microbiology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1574-6968
pISSN - 0378-1097
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10527.x
Subject(s) - vibrio parahaemolyticus , hemolysin , apoptosis , microbiology and biotechnology , vibrionaceae , programmed cell death , biology , chemistry , bacteria , biochemistry , genetics , gene , virulence
Rat‐1 cells exposed to Vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) developed morphological changes including shrinkage of the cells and reduction in the size of nuclei. Cells either microinjected with TDH or transfected with the tdh gene also showed morphological changes similar to those induced by externally added toxin. Furthermore, TDH‐exposed or tdh ‐transfected cells both showed chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation which suggest cells undergoing apoptosis. In contrast, expression of a TDH mutant (R7) did not reveal any cytotoxic effects. We demonstrate that expressed TDH was distributed in the cytoplasm. The interleukin‐1β‐converting enzyme‐related protease inhibitor ZVAD‐FMK did not inhibit TDH cytotoxicity. Our results suggest that TDH can induce its cytotoxicity both from outside and from inside the cells and killed the cells through apoptosis.