Open AccessA monoclonal antibody specific for C andida albicans Als4 demonstrates overlapping localization of Als family proteins on the fungal cell surface and highlights differences between Als localization in vitro and in vivo
Author(s) -
Coleman David A.,
Oh SoonHwan,
ManfraMaretta Sandra L.,
Hoyer Lois L.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
fems immunology & medical microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1574-695X
pISSN - 0928-8244
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2011.00914.x
Subject(s) - biology , candida albicans , monoclonal antibody , yeast , immunolabeling , wheat germ agglutinin , germ tube , fungal protein , glycoprotein , protein subcellular localization prediction , in vitro , microbiology and biotechnology , antibody , saccharomyces cerevisiae , genetics , immunohistochemistry , gene , immunology , lectin
The C andida albicans agglutinin‐like sequence ( ALS ) family encodes large cell surface glycoproteins that function in adhesion of the fungus to host and abiotic surfaces. Monoclonal antibodies (m A bs) specific for each Als protein were developed to study Als localization on the C . albicans surface. An anti‐ Als4 m A b demonstrated that Als4 covers the surface of yeast cells, with a greater abundance of Als4 on cells grown at 30 °C compared to 37 °C. On germ tubes, Als4 is localized in a restricted area proximal to the mother yeast. Immunolabeling with several anti‐ Als m A bs showed overlapping localization of Als1 and Als4 on yeast cells and Als1 , Als3 and Als4 on germ tubes. Overlapping localization of Als proteins was also observed on yeast and hyphae recovered from mouse models of disseminated and oral candidiasis. Differences between Als localization in vivo and in vitro suggested changes in regulation of Als production in the host compared to the culture flask. Characterization with the anti‐ Als m A bs reveals the simultaneous presence and differences in relative abundance of Als proteins, creating an accurate image of Als representation and localization that can be used to guide conclusions regarding individual and collective Als protein function.