Open AccessEnhancement of DNA vaccine (P12A3C‐pcDNA) efficacy against foot‐and‐mouth disease by coadministration of interleukin‐18‐expressing (IL18 pcDNA) plasmid in guinea‐pigs
Author(s) -
Siva Reddy K.,
Muralidhar Rao D.,
Badrinaryatarajan,
Suryanaryana Veluvarthy V.S.,
Reddy Golla R.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
fems immunology & medical microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1574-695X
pISSN - 0928-8244
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2010.00739.x
Subject(s) - biology , plasmid , dna vaccination , virology , microbiology and biotechnology , guinea pig , titer , recombinant dna , foot and mouth disease , dna , immunology , virus , gene , genetics
Foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven‐hoofed animals causing considerable economic loss in the affected countries. The presently used tissue‐cultured inactivated vaccine protects the vaccinated animals for a short duration of immunity. As one of the approaches to develop alternative vaccines, P12A3C‐pcDNA (containing P12A and 3C coding sequences of foot‐and‐mouth disease virus) and bovine IL18 pcDNA plasmids were constructed and the immune response of these constructs was evaluated when they were coinoculated in guinea‐pigs. The humoral response was analyzed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (for levels of IgG1, IgG2) and a serum neutralization test (SNT), and the cellular response using an MTT assay. Significantly higher humoral and cell‐mediated immune responses were seen in the P12A3C and the IL‐18 coinoculated group than that in P12A3C‐pcDNA alone and inactivated virus vaccine inoculated groups. Similarly, a higher population of CD4 + , CD8 + and T‐helper type 1 (Th1), and Th2 cytokine levels were seen in the former group in comparison with the other groups. P12A3C+IL‐18 protected all the six animals when challenged with a homologous virus compared with five and four in an inactivated virus vaccine and the P12A3C‐pcDNA groups, respectively. These results have shown that the plasmid encoding for P12A3C‐pcDNA, when coinoculated with IL‐18, induced higher responses and protected the animals from a virus challenge.