Open AccessResponse of nitric oxide production to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in turkey and chicken peripheral blood monocytes
Author(s) -
He Haiqi,
Genovese Kenneth J.,
Lowry Virginia K.,
Nisbet David J.,
Kogut Michael H.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
fems immunology & medical microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1574-695X
pISSN - 0928-8244
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2006.00129.x
Subject(s) - cpg oligodeoxynucleotide , cpg site , biology , nitric oxide , microbiology and biotechnology , innate immune system , peripheral blood , monocyte , immune system , immunology , biochemistry , gene , gene expression , endocrinology , dna methylation
We evaluated the innate immune response to various synthetic CpG‐containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) by measuring nitric oxide production in the peripheral blood monocytes from turkey poults. The results indicate that the presence of the CpG dinucleotide in ODNs was a prerequisite for activation of turkey monocytes and induction of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. CpG motifs and sequence structure of the ODNs were also found to influence stimulatory activity greatly. The most potent CpG ODN to induce NO synthesis in turkey monocytes was human‐specific CpG ODN M362, followed by CpG ODN 2006 (human), CpG ODN#17 (chicken) and CpG ODN 1826 (mouse). The optimal CpG motif for NO induction was GTCGTT. Phosphorothioate modification of CpG ODNs also significantly increased stimulatory activity. Compared with chicken monocytes, turkey monocytes appeared to be less sensitive to CpG motif variation, whereas chicken monocytes were found to respond more strictly to human‐specific CpG ODNs or ODNs that contain GTCGTT motifs.