Open AccessComparison of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide, Freund's complete adjuvant and mineral oil for induction of humoral antibodies, cellular immunity and resistance to Newcastle disease virus in chickens
Author(s) -
Katz David,
Inbar Itzhak,
Samina Itzhak,
Peleg BenAmi,
Heller Dan E.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
fems immunology & medical microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1574-695X
pISSN - 0928-8244
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-695x.1993.tb00412.x
Subject(s) - newcastle disease , adjuvant , humoral immunity , antibody , immune system , biology , immunity , antibody titer , cellular immunity , virus , immunology , mineral oil , virology , microbiology and biotechnology , titer , chemistry , organic chemistry
Dimethyl diotadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), a lipophilic quaternary amine, was evaluated in adult chickens for potentiation of immunological responses to subcutaneously administered inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines. DDA enhanced humoral and cell‐mediated immune (CMI) responses to levels which were significantly higher than those induced by the vaccine alone The haemagglutination inhibition antibody titers induced by DDA were slightly lower than those induced by mineral oil although neutralizing antibody titers seemed to be higher. DDA induced strong CMI (DTH and lymphocyte proliferation) responses, more than those induced by Freund's complete adjuvant and mineral oil. Both DDA and mineral oil induced comparable high levels of protection to challenge doses of 200 000 LD 50 per chicken. No toxic effects or local tissue damage were observed in any of the inoculated chickens.