Open AccessDiverse and highly active diazotrophic assemblages inhabit ephemerally wetted soils of the A ntarctic D ry V alleys
Author(s) -
Niederberger Thomas D.,
Sohm Jill A.,
Tirindelli Joëlle,
Gunderson Troy,
Capone Douglas G.,
Carpenter Edward J.,
Cary Stephen C.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
fems microbiology ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.377
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1574-6941
pISSN - 0168-6496
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01390.x
Subject(s) - biology , soil water , nitrogen fixation , ecosystem , proteobacteria , ecology , diazotroph , botany , bacteria , genetics , 16s ribosomal rna
Eolian transport of biomass from ephemerally wetted soils, associated with summer glacial meltwater runoffs and lake edges, to low‐productivity areas of the A ntarctic D ry V alleys ( DV ) has been postulated to be an important source of organic matter (fixed nitrogen and fixed carbon) to the entire DV ecosystem. However, descriptions and identification of the microbial members responsible for N 2 fixation within these wetted sites are limited. In this study, N 2 fixers from wetted soils were identified by direct nifH gene sequencing and their in situ N 2 fixation activities documented via acetylene reduction and RNA ‐based quantitative PCR assays. S hannon‐index nifH diversity levels ranged between 1.8 and 2.6 and included the expected cyanobacterial signatures and a large number of phylotypes related to the gamma‐, beta‐, alpha‐, and delta‐proteobacteria. N 2 fixation rates ranged between approximately 0.5 and 6 nmol N cm −3 h −1 with measurements indicating that approximately 50% of this activity was linked with sulfate reduction at some sites. Comparisons with proximal dry soils also suggested that these communities are not ubiquitously distributed, and conditions unrelated to moisture content may define the composition, diversity, or habitat suitability of the microbial communities within wetted soils of the DV s.