Open AccessFree‐living and aggregate‐associated P lanctomycetes in the B lack S ea
Author(s) -
Fuchsman Clara A.,
Staley James T.,
Oakley Brian B.,
Kirkpatrick John B.,
Murray James W.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
fems microbiology ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.377
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1574-6941
pISSN - 0168-6496
DOI - 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01306.x
Subject(s) - planctomycetes , biology , anammox , candidatus , phylum , phylotype , ecology , frankia , phylogenetics , botany , evolutionary biology , 16s ribosomal rna , paleontology , proteobacteria , denitrification , symbiosis , bacteria , biochemistry , root nodule , physics , denitrifying bacteria , quantum mechanics , gene , nitrogen
We examined the distribution of uncultured P lanctomycetes phylotypes along depth profiles spanning the redox gradient of the B lack S ea suboxic zone to gain insight into their respective ecological niches. P lanctomycetes phylogeny correlated with depth and chemical profiles, implying similar metabolisms within phylogenetic groups. A suboxic zone sample was split into > 30 and < 30 μm fractions to examine putative aggregate‐attached and free‐living P lanctomycetes . All identified P lanctomycetes were present in the > 30 μm fraction except for members of the S calindua genus, which were apparently free‐living. Sequences from C andidatus S calindua, known to carry out the anammox process, formed two distinct clusters with nonoverlapping depth ranges. One cluster, only 97.1% similar to the named species, was present at high nitrite/nitrate and low ammonium concentrations in the upper suboxic zone. We propose this sequence type be named ‘ C andidatus S calindua richardsii’. A second cluster, containing sequences more similar to ‘ C andidatus S calindua sorokinii’, was present at high ammonium and low nitrite conditions in the lower suboxic zone. Sequences obtained from the sulfidic zone (1000 m depth) yielded P lanctomycetes from two uncharacterized P lanctomycetacia clusters and three potentially new genera as well as sequences from the uncultured OP 3 phylum.