Open AccessCentral carbon metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in anaerobic, oxygen‐limited and fully aerobic steady‐state conditions and following a shift to anaerobic conditions
Author(s) -
Wiebe Marilyn G.,
Rintala Eija,
Tamminen Anu,
Simolin Helena,
Salusjärvi Laura,
Toivari Mervi,
Kokkonen Juha T.,
Kiuru Jari,
Ketola Raimo A.,
Jouhten Paula,
Huuskonen Anne,
Maaheimo Hannu,
Ruohonen Laura,
Penttilä Merja
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
fems yeast research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.991
H-Index - 92
eISSN - 1567-1364
pISSN - 1567-1356
DOI - 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2007.00234.x
Subject(s) - anaerobic exercise , biology , chemostat , biochemistry , citric acid cycle , metabolism , anaerobic glycolysis , glycolysis , oxygen , metabolite , phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase , chemistry , gene , bacteria , physiology , genetics , organic chemistry
Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK113‐1A was grown in glucose‐limited chemostat culture with 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.8% or 20.9% O 2 in the inlet gas ( D =0.10 h −1 , pH 5, 30°C) to determine the effects of oxygen on 17 metabolites and 69 genes related to central carbon metabolism. The concentrations of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) metabolites and all glycolytic metabolites except 2‐phosphoglycerate+3‐phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate were higher in anaerobic than in fully aerobic conditions. Provision of only 0.5–1% O 2 reduced the concentrations of most metabolites, as compared with anaerobic conditions. Transcription of most genes analyzed was reduced in 0%, 0.5% or 1.0% O 2 relative to cells grown in 2.8% or 20.9% O 2 . Ethanol production was observed with 2.8% or less O 2 . After steady‐state analysis in defined oxygen concentrations, the conditions were switched from aerobic to anaerobic. Metabolite and transcript levels were monitored for up to 96 h after the transition, and this showed that more than 30 h was required for the cells to fully adapt to anaerobiosis. Levels of metabolites of upper glycolysis and the TCA cycle increased following the transition to anaerobic conditions, whereas those of metabolites of lower glycolysis generally decreased. Gene regulation was more complex, with some genes showing transient upregulation or downregulation during the adaptation to anaerobic conditions.