Open AccessTheory and feasibility tests for a seismic scanning tunnelling macroscope
Author(s) -
Schuster Gerard T.,
Hanafy Sherif,
Huang Yunsong
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
geophysical journal international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.302
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1365-246X
pISSN - 0956-540X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-246x.2012.05564.x
Subject(s) - quantum tunnelling , optics , image resolution , wavelength , resolution (logic) , field (mathematics) , seismic wave , geology , limit (mathematics) , physics , seismology , computer science , optoelectronics , mathematical analysis , mathematics , artificial intelligence , pure mathematics
SUMMARY We propose a seismic scanning tunnelling macroscope (SSTM) that can detect subwavelength scatterers in the near‐field of either the source or the receivers. Analytic formulas for the time reverse mirror (TRM) profile associated with a single scatterer model show that the spatial resolution limit to be, unlike the Abbe limit of λ/2, independent of wavelength and linearly proportional to the source‐scatterer separation as long as the scatterer is in the near‐field region. This means that, as the scatterer approaches the source, imaging of the scatterer with super‐resolution can be achieved. Acoustic and elastic simulations support this concept, and a seismic experiment in an Arizona tunnel shows a TRM profile with super‐resolution adjacent to the fault location. The SSTM is analogous to the optical scanning tunnelling microscopes having subwavelength resolution. Scaled to seismic frequencies, it is theoretically possible to extract 100 Hz information from 20 Hz data by the imaging of near‐field seismic energy.