Open AccessHow to measure a latent construct: Psychometric principles for the development and validation of measurement instruments
Author(s) -
ElDen Sarira,
Schneider Carl,
Mirzaei Ardalan,
Carter Stephen
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of pharmacy practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.42
H-Index - 37
eISSN - 2042-7174
pISSN - 0961-7671
DOI - 10.1111/ijpp.12600
Subject(s) - medicine , confirmatory factor analysis , construct (python library) , exploratory factor analysis , psychosocial , measure (data warehouse) , latent variable , face validity , sample (material) , psychometrics , applied psychology , data science , structural equation modeling , psychology , computer science , clinical psychology , data mining , artificial intelligence , machine learning , programming language , chemistry , chromatography , psychiatry
Measurement instruments are used to collect data about respondents. In social pharmacy, measurement instruments are often used to measure latent constructs, such as attitudes, among healthcare professionals and patients. This paper aims to describe the fundamental aspects of designing and validating instruments, which aim to measure latent constructs. The main focus of this manuscript is to describe the considerations and processes relating to exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, when used to develop measures of latent psychosocial constructs. However, it also presents a detailed summary of the current evidence and suggestions for item generation and sample selection, as well as, an in‐depth description of approaches to content and face validation. Suggestions for further reading are also provided.