Endogenous Market Structures and Optimal Taxation

This article provides optimal labour and dividend income taxation in a general equilibrium model with oligopolistic competition and endogenous firms’ entry. In the long run, the optimal dividend income tax corrects for inefficient entry. The dividend income tax depends on the form of competition and the nature of the sunk entry costs. In particular, it is higher in market structures characterised by competition in quantities rather than those characterised by price competition. Oligopolistic competition leads to an endogenous countercyclical price markup. As a result, offsetting the distortions over the business cycle requires deviations from full tax smoothing.