Open AccessSouthern isolation and northern long‐distance dispersal shaped the phylogeography of the widespread, but highly disjunct, E uropean high mountain plant A rtemisia eriantha ( A steraceae)
Author(s) -
Sanz Maria,
Schönswetter Peter,
Vallès Joan,
Schneeweiss Gerald M.,
Vilatersana Roser
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
botanical journal of the linnean society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.872
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1095-8339
pISSN - 0024-4074
DOI - 10.1111/boj.12132
Subject(s) - vicariance , disjunct , biological dispersal , disjunct distribution , phylogeography , biology , range (aeronautics) , population , ecology , biogeography , isolation by distance , refugium (fishkeeping) , genetic structure , genetic variation , phylogenetic tree , materials science , habitat , composite material , biochemistry , demography , sociology , gene
We investigated the range dynamics of A rtemisia eriantha , a widespread, but rare, mountain plant with a highly disjunct distribution in the E uropean A lpine System. We focused on testing the roles of vicariance and long‐distance dispersal in shaping the current distribution of the species. To this end, we collected AFLP and plastid DNA sequence data for 17 populations covering the entire distributional range of the species. Strong phylogeographical structure was found in both datasets. AFLP data suggested that almost all populations were genetically strongly differentiated, with 58% of the overall genetic variation partitioned among populations. B ayesian clustering identified five groups of populations: B alkans, P yrenees, C entral A pennines, one southwestern A lpine population and a Widespread cluster (eastern P yrenees, A lps, C arpathians). Major groups were supported by neighbor‐joining and N eighbour N et analyses. Fourteen plastid haplotypes were found constituting five strongly distinct lineages: A lps plus P yrenees, A pennines, B alkans, southern C arpathians, and a Widespread group (eastern P yrenees, northern C arpathians, M t. O lympus). Plastid DNA data suggested that A . eriantha colonized the E uropean A lpine System in a westward direction. Although, in southern E urope, vicariant differentiation among the I berian, I talian and B alkan P eninsulas predominated, thus highlighting their importance as glacial refugia for alpine species, in temperate mountain ranges, long‐distance dispersal prevailed. This study emphasizes that currently highly disjunct distributions can be shaped by both vicariance and long‐distance dispersal, although their relative importance may be geographically structured along, for instance, latitude, as in A . eriantha . © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2014, 174 , 214–226.