Open AccessP seudomonas aeruginosa ‐dependent upregulation of TLR 2 influences host responses to a secondary S taphylococcus aureus infection
Author(s) -
Shin HeeSung,
Lee JungHoon,
Paek SeHwan,
Jung Yong Woo,
Ha UnHwan
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
pathogens and disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.983
H-Index - 105
ISSN - 2049-632X
DOI - 10.1111/2049-632x.12074
Subject(s) - pseudomonas aeruginosa , microbiology and biotechnology , staphylococcus aureus , tlr2 , host (biology) , biology , downregulation and upregulation , bacteria , immunology , immune system , innate immune system , gene , genetics
The clinical impact of polymicrobial infections has received increasing attention from the medical community. However, the potential effects of P seudomonas aeruginosa infection on the development of host responses against G ram‐positive bacteria, such as S taphylococcus aureus , are unknown. Here, P . aeruginosa infection was found to induce the expression of Toll‐like receptor 2 ( TLR 2), which plays a dominant role in sensing pathogen‐associated molecular patterns ( PAMP s) expressed by G ram‐positive bacteria. P . aeruginosa ‐dependent upregulation of TLR 2 was not mediated by flagellin, or by the type III (T3 SS ) or type VI (T6 SS ) secretion systems, but was upregulated by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ). Upregulation of TLR 2 influenced the magnitude of proinflammatory responses to the secondary S . aureus infection, but there was no clear effect on phagocytosis of S . aureus by macrophages. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that P . aeruginosa infection results in the upregulation of TLR 2 expression, subsequently enhancing innate immune responses against a secondary S . aureus infection.