Open AccessExploring cultivable Bacteria from the prokaryotic community associated with the carnivorous sponge A sbestopluma hypogea
Author(s) -
Dupont Samuel,
CarreMlouka Alyssa,
DomartCoulon Isabelle,
Vacelet Jean,
BourguetKondracki MarieLise
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
fems microbiology ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.377
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1574-6941
pISSN - 0168-6496
DOI - 10.1111/1574-6941.12279
Subject(s) - biology , firmicutes , proteobacteria , actinobacteria , sponge , bacteroidetes , microbiology and biotechnology , phylum , context (archaeology) , bacteria , zoology , 16s ribosomal rna , ecology , botany , genetics , paleontology
Combining culture‐dependent and independent approaches, we investigated for the first time the cultivable fraction of the prokaryotic community associated with the carnivorous sponge Asbestopluma hypogea . The heterotrophic prokaryotes isolated from this tiny sponge were compared between specimens freshly collected from cave and maintained in aquarium. Overall, 67 isolates obtained in pure culture were phylogenetically affiliated to the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria , Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes . This cultivable diversity was lower than the prokaryotic diversity obtained by previous pyrosequencing study and comparable to that of another Mediterranean demosponge, the filter‐feeding P horbas tenacior . Furthermore, using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we visualized bacterial and archaeal cells, confirming the presence of both prokaryotes in A. hypogea tissue. Approximately 16% of the bacterial isolates tested positive for chitinolytic activity, suggesting potential microbial involvement in the digestion processes of crustacean prey by this carnivorous sponge. Additionally, 6% and 16% of bacterial isolates revealed antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, respectively. One Streptomyces sp. S1CA strain was identified as a promising candidate for the production of antimicrobial and antioxidant secondary metabolites as well as chitinolytic enzymes. Implications in the context of the sponge biology and prey‐feeding strategy are discussed.