Open AccessA gut microbiota‐targeted dietary intervention for amelioration of chronic inflammation underlying metabolic syndrome
Author(s) -
Xiao Shuiming,
Fei Na,
Pang Xiaoyan,
Shen Jian,
Wang Linghua,
Zhang Baorang,
Zhang Menghui,
Zhang Xiaojun,
Zhang Chenhong,
Li Min,
Sun Lifeng,
Xue Zhengsheng,
Wang Jingjing,
Feng Jie,
Yan Feiyan,
Zhao Naisi,
Liu Jiaqi,
Long Wenmin,
Zhao Liping
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
fems microbiology ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.377
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1574-6941
pISSN - 0168-6496
DOI - 10.1111/1574-6941.12228
Subject(s) - gut flora , biology , inflammation , intestinal permeability , lactulose , adiponectin , metabolic syndrome , immunology , medicine , insulin resistance , feces , probiotic , lipopolysaccharide , obesity , endocrinology , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , biochemistry , genetics
Chronic inflammation induced by endotoxin from a dysbiotic gut microbiota contributes to the development of obesity‐related metabolic disorders. Modification of gut microbiota by a diet to balance its composition becomes a promising strategy to help manage obesity. A dietary scheme based on whole grains, traditional C hinese medicinal foods, and prebiotics ( WTP diet) was designed to meet human nutritional needs as well as balance the gut microbiota. Ninety‐three of 123 central obese volunteers ( BMI ≥ 28 kg m −2 ) completed a self‐controlled clinical trial consisting of 9‐week intervention on WTP diet followed by a 14‐week maintenance period. The average weight loss reached 5.79 ± 4.64 kg (6.62 ± 4.94%), in addition to improvement in insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and blood pressure. Pyrosequencing of fecal samples showed that phylotypes related to endotoxin‐producing opportunistic pathogens of E nterobacteriaceae and D esulfovibrionaceae were reduced significantly, while those related to gut barrier‐protecting bacteria of B ifidobacteriaceae increased. Gut permeability, measured as lactulose/mannitol ratio, was decreased compared with the baseline. Plasma endotoxin load as lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein was also significantly reduced, with concomitant decrease in tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6, and an increase in adiponectin. These results suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota via dietary intervention may enhance the intestinal barrier integrity, reduce circulating antigen load, and ultimately ameliorate the inflammation and metabolic phenotypes.