A Collaborative Intrusion Detection Approach Using Blockchain for Multimicrogrid Systems

Multimicrogrid (MMG) systems have the potential to play an increasingly important role in the transformation of existing power grid to smart grid. However, the open and distributed connectivity of MMGs exposes the systems into various cyber-attacks, which may cause serious failures or physical damages, such as power supply interruption and human casualties. Therefore, ensuring the security of MMGs is of paramount importance. To address this issue, a new collaborative intrusion detection (CID) approach using blockchain is proposed in this paper for MMG systems in smart grid. Due to the consensus mechanism of blockchain, the approach is designed without the need of a trusted authority or central server while improving the accuracy of intrusion detection in a collaborative way. It is equipped with a proposal generation method that combines periodic and trigger patterns to generate the detection target of CID, i.e., a proposal. From the generated proposals together with the correlation model of MMGs, a CID is achieved by using the consensus mechanism. The final detection results of CID are stored on blockchain in sequence. The use of an incentive mechanism motivates a single microgrid to participate in consensus. The effectiveness of the presented approach is demonstrated through a case study on an MMG system.