A Survey and Comparison of Concurrency and Real-Time Programming Support in Java, Ada, and Posix

Unlike sequential programming, the debate over whose programming language support was largely settled in the Structured Programming revolution of the early 1970s, concurrency and especially real-time programming remain subjects that elicit considerable controversy. Different languages have taken different approaches; some languages ignore the matter, believing that these topics are more in the realm of an operating system or real-time kernel.