Toward Haptic Cinematography: Enhancing Movie Experiences with Camera-Based Haptic Effects

Haptics, the technology which brings tactile or force-feedback to users, has a great potential for enhancing movies and could lead to new immersive experiences. This article introduces haptic cinematography, which presents haptics as a new component of the filmmaker's toolkit. The authors propose a taxonomy of haptic effects and introduce new effects coupled with classical cinematographic motions to enhance the video-viewing experience. They propose two models to render haptic effects based on camera motions: the first model makes the audience feel the motion of the camera, and the second provides haptic metaphors related to the semantics of the camera effect. Results from a user study suggest that these new effects improve the quality of experience. Filmmakers can use this new way of creating haptic effects to propose new immersive audio-visual experiences.