Adaptation and Evaluation of the Output-Deviations Metric to Target Small-Delay Defects in Industrial Circuits

Timing-related defects are a major cause for test escapes and field returns for very-deep-sub-micron (VDSM) integrated circuits (ICs). Small-delay variations induced by crosstalk, process variations, power-supply noise, and resistive opens and shorts can cause timing failures in a design, thereby leading to quality and reliability concerns. We present the industrial application and case study of a previously proposed test-grading technique that uses the method of output deviations for screening small-delay defects (SDDs). The proposed method excites the same number of long paths compared to commercial timing-aware automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) tool using only a fraction of the test patterns.