Hybrid Energy Ratio Allocation Algorithm in a Multi-Base-Station Collaboration System

Network densification in the 5G system causes a sharp increase in system energy consumption, a development which not only increases operating cost but also carbon emission. With the development of smart power grids, multi-source energy supply and time-of-use (TOU) power price have become effective methods for reducing system energy price (namely, total energy cost). However, the energy generation velocity of renewable energy (RE) is significantly influenced by weather factors. Thus, their energy generation entails large fluctuations, and the system energy allocation strategy involves enormous challenges. Therefore, the energy generation velocity of wind power was combined in a multi-base-station (multi-BS) collaboration system. A multi-BS collaborative energy allocation algorithm called hybrid energy ratio allocation (HERA) algorithm was proposed under RE generation uncertainty. This algorithm can balance the TOU power price of a smart power grid and the energy storage of a BS. The energy supply modes of different energy ratios were adopted following different power prices and energies stored by different BSs, which can effectively mitigate the effect of RE generation fluctuation on the energy allocation strategy of the system. Simulation results indicated that the HERA algorithm can complete the energy ratio allocation of the system and reach the lowest energy cost of BSs.