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In this paper, we investigate the resource optimization problem for device-to-device (D2D) communications in the fifth-generation cellular networks, where multiple D2D links and cellular links share the same spectrum. A general framework is proposed to jointly optimize the energy efficiency (EE), spectral efficiency (SE), and queuing delay. Specifically, we formulate the problem as a stochastic optimization model aiming at maximizing the EE and SE concurrently under the network stability constraint, where subchannel allocation and power control are jointly optimized. Afterwards, with the help of Lyapunov techniques and weighted sum method, it is then transformed into a single-objective optimization problem, which is a mixed-integer and non-convex problem. Therefore, to solve this challenging subchannel allocation and power control problem with low computational complexity, we separate it into two levels of problems, and a two-stage iterative algorithm is proposed, which only requires polynomial computational complexity. Through theoretical analysis and numerical results, the effectiveness, convergence, and optimality of the proposed algorithm are validated.

Interference-Aware Resource Optimization for Device-to-Device Communications in 5G Networks