IEEE Access Special Section Editorial: Green Cloud and Fog Computing: Energy Efficiency and Sustainability Aware Infrastructures, Protocols, and Applications

The evolution of high performance computing architectures has increased the essence of effective utilization of resources. The cloud computing paradigm also incorporates high performance computing architectures with costly resources to provide services to end users. Its pay per use model makes it beneficial for cloud service providers as well as end-users. Through its layered architecture, the cloud computing paradigm offers services pertaining to the infrastructure, platform, and software layers [item 1) in the Appendix],[item 2) in the Appendix]. The fog computing, similar to the cloud computing, is one of the recently evolved paradigms for which the applications and services are set to be provided in proximity to the end-users [item 3) in the Appendix]. Cloud and fog computing are the recently evolved components of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) which has been effective in reducing energy consumption and gas emissions of the industry [item 4) in the Appendix]. However, management of heavy resources, job processing at computing nodes, and execution costs in these infrastructures require energy efficient and sustainable solutions for successful deployments.