QoS-Aware Frequency-Based 4G+Relative Authentication Model for Next Generation LTE and Its Dependent Public Safety Networks

Increasing demands for high-speed broadband wireless communications with voice over long term evolution (LTE), video on demand, multimedia, and mission-critical applications for public safety motivate 4th-generation (4G) and 5G communication development. The flat IP-based LTE and LTE-Advanced technologies are the expected key drivers for 5G. However, LTE, with its elapsed security mechanism and open nature, leaves a huge loophole for intruders to jeopardize the entire communication network. The timeand bandwidth-consuming authentication procedure in LTE leads to service disruptions and makes it unfit for public safety applications. To cater the prevailing LTE security and service requirements, we propose the 4G plus relative authentication model (4G+RAM), which is composed of two dependent protocols: 1) Privacy-protected evolved packet system authentication and key agreement protocol for the initial authentication (PEPS-AKA) and 2) 4G plus frequency-based re-authentication protocol for the re-authentication of known and frequent users (4G+FRP). The 4G+RAM supports seamless communication with a minimum signaling load on core elements and conceals users' permanent identifiers to ensure user privacy. We simulate the proposed protocols for formal security verification with the widely accepted automated validation of Internet security protocols and applications tool. A comparative analysis of bandwidth consumption is also performed and proved that the proposed 4G+RAM outperforms the existing solutions.