Rapid Effects of Red Light on the Isopentenyladenosine Content in Scots Pine Seeds

Red light (R) stimulates germination in Scots pine seed (Pinus sylvestris L.). The response is far red (FR) reversible. The dynamics of cytokinin changes following light treatment was investigated. Extracts were purified by immunoaffinity and high performance liquid chromatography. N(6)-(Delta(2)-Isopentenyl) adenosine (iPA) and trans-zeatin riboside (ZR) were quantified by both UV-absorbance of high performance liquid chromatography peaks and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Identification of iPA was accomplished by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Levels of cytokinins were low in seeds imbibed in the dark. Exposure of seeds imbibed in the dark for 5 hours to R for 15 minutes induced a strong, immediate but transitory increase in iPA content. This increase was not observed when the R treatment was followed by 10 minutes of FR or by storage in darkness before extraction. No ZR was detected during the first 8 hours of imbibition in any treatment. Addition of iPA via acetone enhanced seed germination in the dark. The results suggest that iPA may be involved in the R-mediated release of dormancy of Scots pine seed.