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When wheat seedlings (Triticum vulgare cf HD 2189) were grown in the presence of BASF 13.338 (4-chloro-5-[dimethylamino]-2-phenyl-3[2H]-pyridazinone), there was a decrease in the ratio of linolenic acid to linoleic acid in the thylakoid membrane lipids (JB St John 1976 Plant Physiol 57: 38) and an increase in the ratio of photosystem II to photosystem I (RM Mannan, S Bose 1984 Photochem Photobiol 41: 63). Accompanying these gross structural changes were alterations in the cationic regulation of structure and functioning of the thylakoid membranes: (a) Mg(2+)-induced increase in the room temperature fluorescence was totally absent; (b) Mg(2+)-induced increase in absorbance at 560 nm, indicative of granal stacking, was slightly higher in thylakoids isolated from the BASF 13.338 treated plants suggesting an increased degree of stacking; and (c) absorption changes in the red and Soret regions of the absorption spectrum, normally resulting from the addition of divalent cation or alkyl anion, or from osmotic shrinkage were almost totally absent in thylakoid membranes isolated from BASF 13.338 treated plants. These observations have been interpreted in terms of: (a) significant alterations in the lipid matrix of the thylakoids from treated plants, (b) absence of cation-induced reorganization of the pigment-protein complexes in the horizontal plane of the treated thylakoid membranes suspended in low salt medium, and (c) absence of dynamic changes even within the individual pigment-protein complexes of treated thylakoids.

Changes in the Cationic Regulation of Structure and Function in Thylakoids Isolated from Wheat Seedlings Treated with BASF 13.338