Effects of KCN and Salicylhydroxamic Acid on the Root Respiration of Pea Seedlings

Polarography, using cylindrical platinum electrodes, proved suitable for measuring changes in the internal apical O(2) concentration of the primary root of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Meteor) effected by KCN and/or salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) in the bathing medium. An electrical rootaeration analog was used to help evaluate some of the results. Concentrations of KCN </=0.05 millimolar had no significant effect. In response to 0.1 millimolar KCN, the O(2) concentration rose substantially for approximately 2 hours, then declined, and after 10 hours had frequently fallen below the pretreatment level. Such changes suggest an initial inhibition of cytochrome oxidase-mediated O(2) uptake followed by an induction of the alternative, cyanide-resistant respiratory pathway. These treatments proved nonlethal. Changes in O(2) concentration similar to those described for 0.1 millimolar KCN were observed in response to 1 and 10 millimolar KCN but these treatments were lethal and the root apex became soft and often appeared flooded. Roots survived and showed no significant responses when treated with SHAM at concentrations </=5 millimolar. However, when the alternative pathway had been (apparently) induced by 0.1 millimolar KCN, the addition of 5 millimolar SHAM to the bathing medium caused a substantial and persistent rise in the root apical O(2) concentration, suggesting that this (nonlethal) concentration of SHAM could indeed inhibit O(2) uptake via the cyanide-resistant pathway.It is concluded that while O(2) uptake normally occurs by the cytochrome pathway in the primary pea root, the alternative, cyanide-resistant pathway can be induced by 0.1 millimolar KCN.