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The nature of the inorganic carbon utilized during photosynthesis by Chlorella pyrenoidosa was investigated using three experimental techniques (open gas analysis system with "artificial leaf" or "aqueous" chambers and O(2) electrode system) to measure carbon assimilation. Photosynthesis was studied as a function of pH and CO(2) concentration. The CO(2) concentration was inadequate to meet the requirements of photosynthesis only when HCO(3) (-) was added at high pH. Under all other conditions, the low and constant K(m) (CO(2)), in contrast to the highly variable K(m) (HCO(3) (-)), suggested that CO(2) was the major species utilized.Higher rates of photosynthesis were observed under limiting CO(2) conditions above pH 7.5 but rates of hydration of CO(2) were not consistent with the view that the stimulation in photosynthesis was supported by HCO(3) (-). In the same pH region lower rates of photosynthesis were observed under saturating CO(2) conditions. These conflicting changes seemed not to be related to pH but to some as yet undetermined effect of bicarbonate. No support was obtained for the view that the quantum efficiency was different under conditions where CO(2) was assimilated compared to conditions where CO(2) and HCO(3) (-) could be assimilated, although at saturating CO(2), lower maximal rates of photosynthesis were observed in the latter conditions.

Utilization of Exogenous Inorganic Carbon Species in Photosynthesis by Chlorella pyrenoidosa