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Susceptible corn roots exposed to the host-selective toxin of Helminthosporium carbonum took up and retained more NO(3) (-), Na(+), Cl(-), 3-o-methylglucose, and leucine than did control roots. Stimulatory effects on uptake were more pronounced with freshly cut roots than with roots that were washed and aged. Solutes were accumulated against a concentration gradient, and toxin-treated tissues developed a steeper gradient than did control tissues. Toxin affected both the low and high affinity uptake systems for Na(+) and Cl(-). Toxin did not affect uptake of Na(2) (-), K(+), Ca(2+), phosphate ion (H(2)PO(4) (-) and HPO(4) (-)), SO(4) (-), and glutamic acid. No toxin-induced leakage of any solute tested was detected within 5 to 6 hr after initial exposure to toxin. The data suggest that toxin from H. carbonum does not cause the general plasma membrane derangement caused by other host-selective toxins. Instead, H. carbonum toxin may cause specific changes in characteristics of the plasmalemma, which result in increased uptake of certain solutes.

Effects of Helminthosporium carbonum Toxin on Absorption of Solutes by Corn Roots